On 5 December 2025, the European Commission announced its first-ever Digital Services Act (DSA) non-compliance decision, issuing a €120 million fine to X (formerly Twitter).
On the 26th April 2018, the European Commission adopted a proposal for regulating the relationships between online platforms and their business consumers.
Platform businesses bring together distinct but interdependent sets of users in such a way as to improve the welfare of each side of the market. Their central value proposition is the reduction of transaction costs, which increases the number of viable exchanges in the market.