Until ten years ago, European populist parties, regardless of their internal politics, were united by a strong opposition to the European Union (EU) and a desire to either dismantle or exit the EU.
Granting candidate status to Ukraine and Moldova in June 2022 was an important and worthwhile step taken by the EU. Yet, as currently devised, the accession process is long, complex, process-oriented, and ridden with uncertainties.
Generations of students of international relations at British universities have learned that liberals detest war and actively seek possibilities to eradicate conflict out of world politics.